What+is+hacktivism

=Group 2: What is Hacktivism?=



__**Main arguments for**__ - Hactivism has aided in political action across the world (examples given in paper) - Promote freedom of speech - Legitimate form of protest - Hactivism given a voice after marginalisation on the Web by dominant corporations - Allows red tap and regulations in publishing to be circumnavigated

__**Objections / counter-points**__ - not all hactivists linked to organised crime - DOS may deprive revenue but is not equivalent to theft

__**Viewpoints**__ - censorship is a form of oppression - is made by people to legitimate organisations; governments, corporations, cartels etc

Relative Deprivation: sense of entitlement gone wrong Social Learning Theory: exposure to deviancy, personal association against social norms, favouring deviant acts from learned behaviour Relative Deprivation is socially deconstructed

- clarifies the history of hactivism - highlights rules and justifications of hactivism from a hackers pov - separates differences between defacing and politically motivated action
 * Summary**
 * (authors pupose, main argument, central idea)**
 * -** there are links between street and internet activism

- hactivism is not malicious or destructive - is returning to its original roots in terms of (technology development) - hacktivists are focused on securing the internet as a platform for free speech
 * Findings & Conclusions (is it general or specific?)**

- glorification of actions by hackers - conclusions do not match the findings (suggests hacktivism is not destructive yet has effected business stocks and finances of institutions)
 * Evaluation of text (strengths, weaknesses, limitations and intended audience)**

a policy of taking direct and militant action to achieve a political or social goal
 * • Activism**

a person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems and how to stretch their capabilities
 * •Hacker**

Hacktivism
** • a policy of hacking, phreaking or creating technology to achieve a political or social goal **

**• using technology to advance human rights through electronic media** - Hackers want to ensure free access to information and circumvent censorship

Hackers Code
1. Access to computers should be unlimited and total. 2. All information should be free. 3. Mistrust authority - promote decentralization. 4. Hackers should be judged by their hacking not bogus criteria such as degrees, age, race, or position. 5. You create art and beauty on a computer. 6. Computers can change your life for the better.

Type of attacks?
Worms Electronic Civil Disobedience

Objectives
Political speech Social Activism